Raman D-band in the irradiated graphene: Origin of the non-monotonous dependence of its intensity with defect concentration

Main Article Content

Daniel Codorniu Pujals

Abstract

Raman spectroscopy is one of the experimental techniques more used in studying irradiated carbon nanostructures, in particular graphene, due to its high sensibility to the presence of defects in the crystalline lattice. Special attention has received the variation of the intensity of the Raman D-band of graphene with the concentration of defects produced by irradiation. Nowadays, there are enough experimental evidences about the non-monotonous character of that dependence, but the explanation of this behavior is still controversial. In the present work we developed a simplified mathematical model to obtain a functional relationship between these two magnitudes and showed that the non-monotonous dependence is intrinsic to the nature of the D-band and that it is not necessarily linked to amorphization processes. The obtained functional dependence was used to fit experimental data taken from other authors. The determination coefficient of the fitting was .

Article Details

How to Cite
Codorniu Pujals, D. (1). Raman D-band in the irradiated graphene: Origin of the non-monotonous dependence of its intensity with defect concentration. Nucleus, (53). Retrieved from http://nucleus.cubaenergia.cu/index.php/nucleus/article/view/579
Section
Ciencias Nucleares

References

1. GEIM AK. Graphene: Status and prospects. Science. 2009; 324(5934): 1531-1534.
2. CASTRO NETO AH, GUINEA F, PERES NMR, et. al. The electronic properties of grapheme. Rev. Mod. Physi. 2009; 81(1): 109-162.
3. COOPER DR, D'ANJOU B, GHATTAMANENI N, et. al. Experimental review of graphene. ISRN Condensed Matter Physics. 2012; 2012(article ID 501686): 1-56.
4. YAO J, SUN Y, YANG M, DUAN Y. Chemistry, physics and biology of graphene-based nanomaterials: new horizons for sensing, imaging and medicine. J. Mater. Chem. 2012; 22(29): 14313-14329.
5. TAPASZTO L, DOBRIK G, NEMES-INCZE P, et. al. Tuning the electronic structure of graphene by ion irradiation. Phys.Rev. B. 2008; 78(1-4): 233407.
6. LETHINEN O, KOTAKOSKI J, KRASHENINNIKOV AV, et. al. Effect of ion bombardment on a two-dimensional target. Phys. Rev. B. 2010; 81(1-4): 153401.
7. LUCCHESE MM, STAVALE F, MARTINS FERREIRA EH, et. al. Quantifying ion-induced defects and Raman relaxation length in grapheme. Carbon. 2010; 48(5): 1592-1597.
8. CODORNIU PUJALS D, AGUILERA CORRALES Y, BALDASARRE F. Calculation of the number of atoms displaced during the irradiation of monolayer grapheme. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem, 2011; 289(1): 167-172.
9. MALARDAL M, PIMENTAM A, DRESSELHAUS G, DRESSELHAUS MS. Raman spectroscopy in grapheme. Physics Reports. 2009; 473(5-6): 51-87.
10. FERRARI C. AND ROBERTSON J. Interpretation of Raman spectra of disordered and amorphous carbon. Physical Review B. 2000; 61(20): 14095-14101.
11. SAITO R, HOFMANN M, DRESSELHAUS G, et. al. Raman spectroscopy of graphene and carbon nanotubes. Advances in Physics. 2011; 60(3): 413-550.
12. TUINSTRA F, KOENIG JL. Raman spectrum of graphite. J Chem. Phys. 1970; 53(3): 1126–30.
13. TEWELDEBRHAN D, BALANDIN A A. Modification of graphene properties due to electron-beam irradiation. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009; 94(1): 013101-013103.
14. BUCHOWICZ G, STONE P, ROBINSON JT, et. al. Correlation between structure and electrical transport in ion-irradiated graphene grown on Cu foils. [artículo en línea]. Appl. Phys. Letters. 2011; 98(3): 032102. [consulta: feb 2013]
15. KRASHENNINIKOV AV, NORDLUND K. Ion and electron irradiation-induced effects in nanostructured materials. J.Appl. Phys. 2010; 107(7): 071301.
16. THOMSEN C, REICH S. Double Resonant Raman Scattering in Graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2000; 85(24): 5214-5217.
17. VENEZUELA P, LAZZERI M, MAURI F. Theory of double-resonant Raman spectra in graphene: intensity and line shape of defect-induced and two-phonon bands [artículo en línea]. Phys Rev B. 2011; 84(3): 035433. [consulta: feb 2013]
18. LETHINEN O, KOTAKOSKI J, KRASHENNINIKOV AV, et. al. Effects of ion bombardenment in a two-dimensional target. Physical Review B. 2010; 81(15): 153401.

Most read articles by the same author(s)