Evaluación de la contaminación por metales pesados en suelos y polvos urbanos del pueblo de Regla (La Habana, Cuba) mediante fluorescencia de rayos X
Barra lateral del artículo
Publicado:
jun 1, 2021
Palabras clave:
análisis por fluorescencia de rayos X, metales pesados, áreas urbanas, polvo, suelos, Cuba
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Se determinan las concentraciones de Ni, Cu, Zn y Pb mediante Fluorescencia de Rayos X en muestras de suelos y polvos urbanos de la localidad de Regla (La Habana, Cuba). Los resultados obtenidos se comparan con los contenidos de metales reportados para La Habana y áreas industriales de otras ciudades cubanas y del mundo. El empleo de indicadores de contaminación, de riesgo ecológico y toxicológico, permitió evaluar el impacto que inducen las industrias locales sobre la salud de la población. Los valores calculados de los índices de peligrosidad y de riesgo carcinogénico para los metales estudiados indican un rango aceptable de riesgo no-carcinogénico y carcinogénico para niños y adultos.
Detalles del artículo
Cómo citar
Díaz Rizo, O., Caraballo Arroyo, V. J., & García Trápaga, C. E. (2021). Evaluación de la contaminación por metales pesados en suelos y polvos urbanos del pueblo de Regla (La Habana, Cuba) mediante fluorescencia de rayos X. Nucleus, (69). Recuperado a partir de http://nucleus.cubaenergia.cu/index.php/nucleus/article/view/725
Sección
Ciencias Nucleares
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Citas
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[3]. DAVIDSON CM, URQUHART GJ, AJMONE-MARSAN F, et. al. Fractionation of potentially toxic elements in urban soils from five European cities by means of a harmonized sequential extraction procedure. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2006; 565: 63-72.
[4]. LI HH, CHEN LJ, YU L, et. al. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of human exposure to oral bioaccessibility of heavy metals via urban street dust from different functional areas in Chengdu, China. Sci. Total. Environ. 2017; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.092.
[5]. KURT-KARAKUS PB. Determination of heavy metals in indoor dust from Istanbul, Turkey: estimation of the health risk. Environ. Int. 2012; 50(1): 47-55.
[6]. LIU E, YAN T, BIRCH G, ZHU Y. Pollution and health risk of potentially toxic metals in urban road dust in Nanjing, a mega-city of China. Sci. Total Environ. 2014; 476-477: 522-531.
[7]. HUANG M, WANGA W, CHAN CY, et al. Contamination and risk assessment (based on bioaccessibility via ingestion and inhalation) of metal(loid)s in outdoor and indoor particles from urban centers of Guangzhou, China. Sci. Total Environ. 2014; 479-480:117-124.
[8]. ORDOÑEZ A, ALVAREZ R, DE MIGUEL EC, et. al. Spatial and temporal variations of trace element distribution in soils and street dust of an industrial town in NW Spain: 15 years of study. Sci. Total Environ. 2015; 524-525: 93-103.
[9]. CHEN H, LU X, LI LY. Spatial distribution and risk assessment of metals in dust based on samples from nursery and primary schools of Xi’an, China. Atmos Environ. 2014; 88: 172-182.
[10]. Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas. Anuario Estadístico de Regla 2016. edición 2017. . [consulted: June 7]. Disponible en: http://www.one.cu (in Spanish).
[11]. CUELLAR LUNA L, DEL PUERTO RODRÍGUEZ A, MALDONADO CASTILLO G., ROMERO PLACERES M. Fuentes fijas contaminantes en La Habana (Cuba). Hig Sanid Ambient. 2013; 13(2): 968-974 (in Spanish).
[12]. MEZQUÍA VALERA A., PACHECO H., ORTIZ MARTÍNEZ M, et al. Contaminación ambiental e infecciones respiratorias y enfermedades diarreicas agudas en menores. Hig Sanid Ambient. 2014; 14 (4): 1247-1252 (in Spanish).
[13]. WinAxil code. Version 4.5.3 WinAxil. CANBERRA-MiTAC [software]. 2005.
[14]. PADILLA R, MARKOWICZ A, WEGRZYNEK D, et. al. Quality management and method validation in EDXRF analysis. X-Ray Spectrometry, 2007; 36: 27-34.
[15]. QUEVAUVILLER PH, MARRIER E. Quality assurance and quality control for environmental monitoring, VCH, Weinheim, 1995.
[16]. CHEN TB, ZHENG YM, LEI M, et al Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface soils of urban parks in Beijing, China. Chemosphere. 2005; 60: 542-551.
[17]. DÍAZ RIZO O, ECHEVARRÍA CASTILLO F, ARADO LÓPEZ JO, HERNÁNDEZ MERLO M. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in urban soils of Havana city, Cuba. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011; 87:414-419.
[18]. HAKANSON L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control, a sedimentological approach. Water Res. 1990; 14:975-1001.
[19]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for the health risk assessment of chemical mixtures EPA/630/R-98/002. Washington DC, 1986.
[20]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Risk Assessment Guidance for superfund. EPA/540/1-89/002. In: Human health evaluation manual. vol. I. Office of solid waste and emergency response. Washington DC, 1989.
[21]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington DC, 2002.
[22]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Exposure factors handbook. PA/600/P-95/002F.PA. Office of research and development. Washington, DC, USA. 1997.
[23]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Soil screening guidance: technical background document. Washington DC, 1996.
[24]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Risk assessment guidance for superfund. Volume III-Part A. Process for conducting probabilistic risk assessment. EPA540-R-02-002. Washington DC, 2001.
[25]. National Center for Environmental Assessment. Child-specific exposure factors handbook. EPA-600-P-00-002B. Washington, DC, 2001.
[26]. ZHENG N, LIU J, WANG Q, LIANG Z. Heavy metals exposure of children from stairway and sidewalk dust in the smelting district, northeast of China. Atmos Environ. 2010; 44: 3239-3245.
[27]. LI RZ, ZHOU AJ, TONG F, et. al. Distribution of metals in urban dusts of Hefei and health risk assessment. Chin J Environ Sci. 2011; 32: 2661-2668.
[28]. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Supplemental guidance for developing soil screening levels for superfund sites. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). Washington, DC, 2011.
[29]. MAN YB, SUN XL, ZHAO YG, et. al. Health risk assessment of abandoned agricultural soils based on heavy metal contents in Hong Kong, the world’s most populated city. Environ Int. 2010; 36: 570-576.
[30]. CHEN J, WANG W, LIU H, REN L. Determination of road dust loadings and chemical characteristics using resuspension. Environ Monit Assess. 2012; 184: 1693-1709.
[31]. LU X, WU X, WANG Y, et. al. Risk assessment of toxic metals in street dust from a medium-sized industrial city of China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2014; 106: 154-163.
[32]. FERREIRA-BAPTISTA L, DE MIGUEL E. Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola: a tropical urban environment. Atmos Environ. 2005; 38: 4501-4512.
[33]. PHIL-EZE PO. Variability of soil properties related to vegetation cover in a tropical rainforest landscape. J Geogr Reg Plan. 2010; 3: 177-184.
[34]. HAN Y, DU P, CAO J, POSMENTIER ES. Multivariate analysis of heavy metal contamination in urban dusts of Xi’an, Central China. Sci Total Environ. 2006; 355:17-186.
[35]. KARIM Z, QURESHI BA, MUMTAZ M, QURESHI S. Heavy metal content in urban soils as an indicator of anthropogenic and natural influences on landscape of Karachi: a multivariate spatio-temporal analysis. Ecol Indic. 2014; 42: 20-31.